HNP Grade, Types & Complaints Caused

Hernia Nucleus Pulposus (HNP) or discal hernia is a condition in which the nucleus pulposus, the inner part of the intervertebral disc in the spine, protrudes through the ring of fibers that surrounds it. HNP grade can include several levels according to the severity of the hernia:

1. Grade I (Protrusion):

- Complaints: Low back pain which may be accompanied by muscle cramps.

- Description: The nucleus pulposus protrudes outward, but the fiber ring has not been torn.

2. Grade II (Prolapse):

- Complaints: Pain that can spread to spasms, muscle weakness, and sometimes difficulty controlling urination or defecation.

- Description: There is a larger protrusion, and the fiber ring may experience slight tearing.

3. Grade III (Extrusion):

- Complaints: More intense back pain and spasms, perhaps accompanied by difficulty walking or lifting heavy objects.

- Description: The nucleus pulposus protrudes and the fiber ring has significant tearing.

4. Grade IV (Sequestration):

- Complaints: The pain is very severe and can be accompanied by severe weakness or loss of sensation in certain areas.

- Description: The nucleus pulposus is completely detached from the fiber ring and can move freely within the spinal space.

Complaints can vary depending on the location of the hernia, the resulting pressure on the nerves, and the body's response to the condition. It is important to discuss symptoms with a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.

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